Remote Online Notarization Laws by State
Explore RON legislation across all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. Browse the directory below to view detailed statute citations, identity verification requirements, technology standards, and compliance information.
New to RON? Read the complete guide to remote online notarization, with an interactive state map.
Alabama
ALAla. Code § 36-20-73.1 (remote ink-signed notarization only; added by Act 2021-319 (SB 275), eff. 2021-07-01; amended by Act 2023-548 (SB 322))
Alaska
AKEffective 2021
Alaska Stat. § 44.50.075 (journal: § 44.50.078)
Arizona
AZEffective 2020
Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 41-263
Arkansas
AREffective 2021
Ark. Code Ann. § 21-14-309 (within the Electronic Notary Public Act, §§ 21-14-301 to -314)
California
CACal. Gov. Code §§ 8231–8231.20 (Online Notarization Act), operative per Civ. Code § 1181.1; recognition: Gov. Code §§ 8232–8232.4
Colorado
COEffective 2020
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 24-21-514.5
Connecticut
CTConn. Gen. Stat. § 3-95b (remote ink-signed notarization; P.A. 23-28, eff. 2023-10-01; amended P.A. 24-97)
Delaware
DEEffective 2023
Del. Code Ann. tit. 29, § 4320
District of Columbia
DCEffective 2022
D.C. Code § 1-1231.13a
Florida
FLEffective 2020
Fla. Stat. § 117.201 et seq.
Georgia
GAHawaii
HIEffective 2021
Haw. Rev. Stat. §§ 456-23, 456-24
Idaho
IDEffective 2020
Idaho Code § 51-114A
Illinois
ILEffective 2023
5 ILCS 312/6A-101 et seq.
Indiana
INEffective 2020
Ind. Code ch. 33-42-17 (Remote Notarial Acts)
Iowa
IAEffective 2020
Iowa Code § 9B.14A
Kansas
KSEffective 2022
K.S.A. 53-5a15 (Revised Uniform Law on Notarial Acts, K.S.A. 53-5a01 et seq.)
Kentucky
KYEffective 2020
KRS 423.355 (online notary public) and KRS 423.455 (remotely located individual)
Louisiana
LAEffective 2022
La. R.S. 35:621–35:630
Maine
MEEffective 2023
4 M.R.S. § 1915
Maryland
MDEffective 2020
Md. Code Ann., State Gov't § 18-214 (and § 18-223)
Massachusetts
MAMass. Gen. Laws ch. 222, § 28
Michigan
MIEffective 2018
Mich. Comp. Laws § 55.286b
Minnesota
MNEffective 2019
Minn. Stat. § 358.645
Mississippi
MSMiss. Code Ann. § 25-34-15 (physical presence required)
Missouri
MOEffective 2020
Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 486.1100–486.1200
Montana
MTEffective 2019
Mont. Code Ann. §§ 1-5-603, 1-5-615, 1-5-618
Nebraska
NEEffective 2020
Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 64-401 to 64-420 (Online Notary Public Act)
Nevada
NVEffective 2018
Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 240.181–240.206 (audio-video: §§ 240.1991–240.1999)
New Hampshire
NHEffective 2022
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 456-B:6-a
New Jersey
NJEffective 2021
N.J. Stat. Ann. § 52:7-10.10 (within § 52:7-10.1 et seq.)
New Mexico
NMEffective 2022
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 14-14A-5 (within § 14-14A-1 et seq.)
New York
NYEffective 2023
N.Y. Exec. Law § 135-c et seq.
North Carolina
NCN.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 10B-134.1 to 10B-134.25 (Part 4A of Article 2, Chapter 10B)
North Dakota
NDEffective 2019
N.D. Cent. Code § 44-06.1-13.1
Ohio
OHEffective 2019
Ohio Rev. Code § 147.60 et seq.
Oklahoma
OKEffective 2020
Okla. Stat. tit. 49, §§ 201–214 (Remote Online Notary Act)
Oregon
OREffective 2020
Or. Rev. Stat. § 194.277
Pennsylvania
PAEffective 2020
57 Pa.C.S. § 306.1
Rhode Island
RIEffective 2022
R.I. Gen. Laws § 42-30.1-12.1
South Carolina
SCS.C. Code § 26-2-5 et seq. (Electronic Notary Public Act, in-person only)
South Dakota
SDEffective 2024
SDCL §§ 18-1-11.2 to 18-1-11.8 (electronic records); SDCL § 18-1-11.1 (tangible documents, personal knowledge)
Tennessee
TNEffective 2019
Tenn. Code Ann. § 8-16-301 et seq. (Online Notary Public Act); § 66-22-101(c)
Texas
TXEffective 2018
Tex. Gov't Code § 406.101 et seq.
Utah
UTEffective 2019
Utah Code §§ 46-1-3.5 to 46-1-3.7
Vermont
VTEffective 2022
26 V.S.A. §§ 5379–5380
Virginia
VAEffective 2012
Va. Code §§ 47.1-2 ("satisfactory evidence of identity"), 47.1-6.1, 47.1-7, 47.1-13(D), 47.1-14
Washington
WAEffective 2020
RCW 42.45.280
West Virginia
WVEffective 2021
W. Va. Code § 39-4-37 (remote online); § 39-4-38 (remote ink)
Wisconsin
WIEffective 2020
Wis. Stat. § 140.01 et seq.
Wyoming
WYEffective 2021
Wyo. Stat. §§ 32-3-101 to 32-3-131 (Revised Uniform Law on Notarial Acts); remote provisions in §§ 32-3-102, 32-3-111, 32-3-118, 32-3-120(g)
Understanding Remote Online Notarization (RON) Laws
Remote Online Notarization (RON) allows notaries to perform notarizations using two-way audio-video technology, enabling signers to appear before a notary remotely from anywhere with an internet connection. Since Virginia became the first state to enact permanent RON legislation in 2011, the majority of US states have followed with their own RON laws.
Each state's RON law establishes requirements for identity verification (typically credential analysis and knowledge-based authentication), technology standards (audio-video communication, tamper-evident seals, electronic journals), and notary qualifications (commission requirements, RON endorsements, bonds, and training). Understanding these requirements is essential for notaries, title companies, lenders, and legal professionals who conduct or rely upon remote notarizations.